E 9th Chord

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Formula R – 9 – 3 – 5 – ♭7

Summary

E 9th is built from the notes E, G♭, A♭, B, D. The interval from E to G♭ is a major 2nd (2 semitones), from E to A♭ is a major 3rd (4 semitones), from E to B is a perfect 5th (7 semitones), from E to D is a minor 7th (10 semitones). This chord contains 2 flatted notes.

The 9th chord extends the dominant 7th with a major 9th. It has a rich, funky sound that is essential in R&B, funk, and jazz. If you've ever heard a tight funk rhythm guitar part, chances are it's built on 9th chords.

Theory

The 9th chord (R, 3, 5, ♭7, 9) adds color beyond the basic dominant 7th. The 9th sweetens the dominant sound while keeping its tritone tension intact. In jazz, 9th chords routinely replace plain 7ths for richer voice leading. The 5th is almost always omitted on guitar since it adds little harmonic information — the identity lives in the 3rd, ♭7th, and 9th.

On the guitar

E9 and A9 voicings are funk guitar staples — the classic shape places the root on the 5th string with the extensions ringing on the top strings. The funk "chop" on a 9th chord is one of the most iconic rhythm guitar sounds ever. Avoid playing the 6th string to keep the voicing tight and punchy.

Advanced

In funk, percussive 16th-note strumming on 9th chord shapes is the rhythmic engine of the genre. Try sliding into 9th voicings from a half-step below for that classic soul entrance. The 9th chord also works great in a 12-bar blues — playing 9th chords on all three positions gives you a much richer sound than plain dominant 7ths.

Piano